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'''Biology''' is the scientific discipline that studies [[life]] processes or characteristics of living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, distribution and [[evolution]]. The word Biology comes from the Greek word ''bios'' meaning "[[life]]", and ''logy'' which basically means "the study of".
Biological [[creationism]] is the doctrine or belief that the various species or kinds of living beings were created and so are not the product of a naturalistic process. The creator is usually identified as God. It is, therefore, philosophically opposed to [[evolutionism]]. As the [[theory of evolution]] is found as an integral part of all secular biology fields, it is critical that [[creationists]] have a thorough understanding of biology.
Creation biology is basically the study of biological systems, while operating under the assumption that God created life on [[Earth]]. The discipline is premised on the idea that [[God]] created a finite number of discrete [[created kind]]s or [[baraminology|baramin]]. While these forms of life have the ability to [[genetics|vary]], and even undergo [[speciation]], they cannot arise spontaneously from non-life, cannot interbreed outside of their kind, and cannot increase in genetic complexity.
Creation biology therefore differs from [[biological evolution|evolutionary biology]] primarily in its assertion that the [[cell]] is intelligently designed, and that other aspects of the [[theory of evolution]] regarding [[abiogenesis]] and [[common descent]] are false. Its advocates accept all demonstrable facts in [[physiology]], [[cell]] structure, the genomic basis of [[life]], and [[speciation]].
== Elements of Creation Biology ==
The fundamental tenets of creation biology include:
=== Conceptual elements ===
* [[Created kind]]s or [[Baraminology]]: the idea that life was originally created in a finite number of discrete "kinds" or "baramin", and that while these kinds had the ability to vary significantly within their kind, one kind cannot interbreed with another kind, and new kinds cannot arise spontaneously. This runs contrary to evolutionary biology's account of universal [[common ancestry]] and its [[phylogenetic tree]], that is, that all life on the planet is related via macroevolution.
* [[Teleology]]: the idea that the universe in general and life in particular has been designed for a purpose. This runs contrary to the view that there is no objective purpose in the universe.
=== Structural elements ===
* [[Law of biogenesis|Biogenesis]]: the assertion that naturalistic speculations about the origin of life such as [[abiogenesis]] are false, because life was designed and created already fully formed. It is argued that no comprehensive explanation has emerged for life arising spontaneously from non-life. Since life has never been observed arising spontaneously from non-life, they argue that it is more reasonable to assert life was designed by an intelligent being. This challenges the view that life arose spontaneously from non-life.
* [[Irreducible complexity]]: the idea that some systems in life that could not have formed through gradual change, because they are composed of interdependent components where the absence of one would cause the entire system to fail, so that the entire system must have originated together. Advocates of irreducible complexity claim that it is therefore more reasonable to believe they were designed and assembled together for a purpose. This runs contrary to the views of evolutionary biologists who assert that life evolved and diversified step by step over millions of years.
* [[Specified complexity]], that is, the claim made by [[William Dembski]], a [[mathematician]] and senior fellow of the [[Discovery Institute]], that genetic information is "complex specified information" (CSI), that natural processes can reduce and change CSI, but can never increase it, and that it is therefore more reasonable to infer that such information was created through the intervention of an intelligent designer rather than being the sole product of evolutionary processes.
=== Genetic elements ===
* [[Genetic drift]]: Genetic drift reduces diversity in populations more quickly than mutation can introduce it. This results in a net ''decrease'' in genetic diversity over time, a fact inconsistent with evolution but consistent with creation.
* [[Genetic recombination]]: growing evidence that the bulk of variation is not due to random mutation of genetic material, but recombination of genetic material which is not random, but appears instead to be managed and controlled by the genetic material itself;
=== Paleontological elements ===
* [[Fossil record]]: The fossil record shows inadequate transitional forms to support belief in the [[common descent]] of all life on Earth;
* [[Paleobotany]]: Sedimentary rocks show pollen in very deep, "Precambrian" strata. This fact is inconsistent with mainstream [[uniformitarian]] geology, which holds that flowering plants had not yet evolved when the precambrian strata were being laid down. It is consistent with [[flood geology]], however, which holds that the strata are the result of rapid catastrophe during the [[Great flood]], and thus predicts fully developed flowering plants appearing at many places in the fossil record.
* [[Paleozoology]]:
== Related References ==
* [http://www.csulb.edu/~jmastrop/ Biology versus Evolution] resource site by [[Joseph Mastropaolo]] and [[Karl Priest]]
* [http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq/articles/26/26_1a.html More Creationist Research Part II: Biological Research] CRSQ 26(1):5 June 1989
* [http://www.textaddons.com/ Biology Text Addenda] Evolution supplements for popular Biology textbooks.
{{biology portal}}
== See Also ==
*[[biological evolution|Biological Evolution]]
*[[Botany]]
*[[Zoology]]
*[[Cell|Cell biology]]
*[[Molecular Biology]]
*[[Genetics]]
*[[Taxonomy]]
*[[Ecosystem]]
*[[Entomology]]
*[[Embryology]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Biology]]
[[de:Biologie]]
[[es:Biología]]
[[ko:생물학]]
[[zh:生物学]]
'''Biology''' is the scientific discipline that studies [[life]] processes or characteristics of living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, distribution and [[evolution]]. The word Biology comes from the Greek word ''bios'' meaning "[[life]]", and ''logy'' which basically means "the study of".
Biological [[creationism]] is the doctrine or belief that the various species or kinds of living beings were created and so are not the product of a naturalistic process. The creator is usually identified as God. It is, therefore, philosophically opposed to [[evolutionism]]. As the [[theory of evolution]] is found as an integral part of all secular biology fields, it is critical that [[creationists]] have a thorough understanding of biology.
Creation biology is basically the study of biological systems, while operating under the assumption that God created life on [[Earth]]. The discipline is premised on the idea that [[God]] created a finite number of discrete [[created kind]]s or [[baraminology|baramin]]. While these forms of life have the ability to [[genetics|vary]], and even undergo [[speciation]], they cannot arise spontaneously from non-life, cannot interbreed outside of their kind, and cannot increase in genetic complexity.
Creation biology therefore differs from [[biological evolution|evolutionary biology]] primarily in its assertion that the [[cell]] is intelligently designed, and that other aspects of the [[theory of evolution]] regarding [[abiogenesis]] and [[common descent]] are false. Its advocates accept all demonstrable facts in [[physiology]], [[cell]] structure, the genomic basis of [[life]], and [[speciation]].
== Elements of Creation Biology ==
The fundamental tenets of creation biology include:
=== Conceptual elements ===
* [[Created kind]]s or [[Baraminology]]: the idea that life was originally created in a finite number of discrete "kinds" or "baramin", and that while these kinds had the ability to vary significantly within their kind, one kind cannot interbreed with another kind, and new kinds cannot arise spontaneously. This runs contrary to evolutionary biology's account of universal [[common ancestry]] and its [[phylogenetic tree]], that is, that all life on the planet is related via macroevolution.
* [[Teleology]]: the idea that the universe in general and life in particular has been designed for a purpose. This runs contrary to the view that there is no objective purpose in the universe.
=== Structural elements ===
* [[Law of biogenesis|Biogenesis]]: the assertion that naturalistic speculations about the origin of life such as [[abiogenesis]] are false, because life was designed and created already fully formed. It is argued that no comprehensive explanation has emerged for life arising spontaneously from non-life. Since life has never been observed arising spontaneously from non-life, they argue that it is more reasonable to assert life was designed by an intelligent being. This challenges the view that life arose spontaneously from non-life.
* [[Irreducible complexity]]: the idea that some systems in life that could not have formed through gradual change, because they are composed of interdependent components where the absence of one would cause the entire system to fail, so that the entire system must have originated together. Advocates of irreducible complexity claim that it is therefore more reasonable to believe they were designed and assembled together for a purpose. This runs contrary to the views of evolutionary biologists who assert that life evolved and diversified step by step over millions of years.
* [[Specified complexity]], that is, the claim made by [[William Dembski]], a [[mathematician]] and senior fellow of the [[Discovery Institute]], that genetic information is "complex specified information" (CSI), that natural processes can reduce and change CSI, but can never increase it, and that it is therefore more reasonable to infer that such information was created through the intervention of an intelligent designer rather than being the sole product of evolutionary processes.
=== Genetic elements ===
* [[Genetic drift]]: Genetic drift reduces diversity in populations more quickly than mutation can introduce it. This results in a net ''decrease'' in genetic diversity over time, a fact inconsistent with evolution but consistent with creation.
* [[Genetic recombination]]: growing evidence that the bulk of variation is not due to random mutation of genetic material, but recombination of genetic material which is not random, but appears instead to be managed and controlled by the genetic material itself;
=== Paleontological elements ===
* [[Fossil record]]: The fossil record shows inadequate transitional forms to support belief in the [[common descent]] of all life on Earth;
* [[Paleobotany]]: Sedimentary rocks show pollen in very deep, "Precambrian" strata. This fact is inconsistent with mainstream [[uniformitarian]] geology, which holds that flowering plants had not yet evolved when the precambrian strata were being laid down. It is consistent with [[flood geology]], however, which holds that the strata are the result of rapid catastrophe during the [[Great flood]], and thus predicts fully developed flowering plants appearing at many places in the fossil record.
* [[Paleozoology]]:
== Related References ==
* [http://www.csulb.edu/~jmastrop/ Biology versus Evolution] resource site by [[Joseph Mastropaolo]] and [[Karl Priest]]
* [http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq/articles/26/26_1a.html More Creationist Research Part II: Biological Research] CRSQ 26(1):5 June 1989
* [http://www.textaddons.com/ Biology Text Addenda] Evolution supplements for popular Biology textbooks.
{{biology portal}}
== See Also ==
*[[biological evolution|Biological Evolution]]
*[[Botany]]
*[[Zoology]]
*[[Cell|Cell biology]]
*[[Molecular Biology]]
*[[Genetics]]
*[[Taxonomy]]
*[[Ecosystem]]
*[[Entomology]]
*[[Embryology]]
[[Category:Science]]
[[Category:Biology]]
[[de:Biologie]]
[[es:Biología]]
[[ko:생물학]]
[[zh:生物学]]
